Category Archives: Fiber Optic cable

Fiber optic cable adapter, attenuator, connectors,outdoor fiber optic cable , indoor fiber optic cable available.

Fiber Optic Cable Construction

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In any detailed discussion of how to deal with fiber optic cable, some fibers are discussed briefly and cable design is required. Eliminating confusion of different terms, and to provide an
understanding of cable construction will make handling the products less complicated.

Fiber

The cable cross section is two fiber cables for interconnect applications. The construction of the glass can be looked at separately from the design of the cable, as the fiber itself is constructed using distinct materials and is shipped by the fiber manufacturer as a finished product. FiberStore takes the coated optical fiber and incorporates it into a multitude of finished cable products.

All of the glass fiber used by FiberStore is manufactured using the same basic construction. Two layers of glass are covered by a protective coating, the fiber’s core and cladding are both made of silica glass. It is these two layers that propagate the light signal and determine the performance of the fiber. A slight difference in optical characteristics between these layers keeps the signal within the core region. The glass is protected by a dual layer of ultra-violet-cured acrylate material.The coating protects the surface of the glass from abrasion during normal routine handling, there by ensuring the glass maintains it’s high tensile strength. The acrylate coating, which also functions optically by stripping out any light which might enter the cladding region, isremoved for termination and splicing.

Buffer Types

All of FiberStore fiber optic cables fall into one of two categories: tight buffered or loose tube buffered. The two cable buffer styles exhibit different optical, mechanical, and costcharacteristics. Originally, loose tube cable constructions were developed for long haul telephony applications which required a rugged, low cost, high fiber count outside plant cable solution. In a premises wiring plan this cable type is often used between buildings, although recent developments in cable design have produced loose tube cable for indoor/outdoor applications (know indoor outdoor cable). The tight buffer cable construction was developed for both indoor and outdoor premises wiring applications. Most of FiberStore’s tight buffer cables are rugged enough for many inter building applications while offering the tight buffer design advantages of ease of terminations, meeting NEC flammability codes, and cable flexibility.

Tight Buffered Fiber

A thermoplastic material is extruded directly over the acrylate coating, increasing the outside diameter of the fiber to 900 micros (0.9 mm), an industry standard. The tight buffer supplies the fiber with added mechanical and environmental protection, increased size for easy handling, and a simple means of adding color coding for fiber identification. During connectorization, the buffer is stripped back to an exact length as required by the connector manufacturer.

Loose Buffered Fiber

In loose tube cable, the coated fiber “floats” within a rugged, abrasion resistant, oversized tube which is filled with optical gel. Since the tube does not have direct contact with the fiber, any cable material expansion or contraction will not cause stress on the fiber. Much of the external stress placed on the tube also will not be transferred to the fiber. The non-hygroscopic gel prevents water from entering the tube.

Strength Members

FiberStore optical fiber cable designs utilize aramid yarn as the primary strength member. Some designs also use a fiberglass central strength member. Both of these materials serve as the load bearing members of an optical fiber cable during installation. In many cables the aramid also acts as a strength member during termination.

Core Wrap and Ripcords

Core wraps and ripcords are designed to make removal of the exterior cable sheath easier, preventing unnecessary stress to the core. The non-hygroscopic core wrap creates a barrier between the core and the jacket, preventing adhesion and facilitating jacket removal. Ripcords provide a means of stripping back the jacket without the use of invasive tools which could harm the cable core and damage fibers.

Outer Jacket

The true cable jacket is usually the outermost element in the cable design. It serves to protect the cable against environmental hazards and gives the installer a mean of managing the cable. Without the outer jacket, in many designs the buffered fibers would have only the aramid wrap to cover them. Typical jacket materials include Polyvinylchloride (PVC), Polyethylene (PE) or Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF). Also, without selectively choosing the appropriate jacket material most cables would be entirely incapable of passing a flame test. Outer jackets are always stripped back to expose the fibers at the point of termination or connectorization.

If you would like to buy our optical fiber cables or want to know more about outdoor cables,hybrid cable please visit our website.

How To Distinguish Between Good or Bad The Quality of Fiber Optic Cable

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1. Ointment. Ointment is mainly fine paste paste with cable, fiber paste normally should be full of the casing, cable paste should be under pressure every crevice of cable core. Now, fiber paste sufficient half-full or less the practice of cable extract some just wipe a layer of the cable core, while others are in the middle of the fiber optic cable two charge is not sufficient. This will make the fiber are not good protection, the impact of the transmission performance of optical fiber attenuation, poor water resistance less than the national standard, once the cable accidental seepage will cause the whole links seepage scrapped. Under normal circumstances, even accidental seepage simply repair a section of water seepage can, you do not need to start over. (National standard water-blocking performance: three meters of fiber optic cable, one meter of water column pressure round the clock impermeable.) If use poor ointment will also appear to be happening, and may because the ointment thixotropic, cause the fiber to cause microbending loss, the link transmission characteristics failed; ointment with acidic also with fiber optic cable metal materials analysis H reaction precipitation of hydrogen molecules, fiber case of H decay will increase dramatically, resulting in the entire link interrupt transmission.

2. Sheath. The cable sheath is necessary to adapt to many different complex climate, but also to ensure the stability of the long-term (at least 25 years). Cable jacket not only have a certain strength, low thermal deformation, wear, water permeability, heat-recoverable, and coefficient of friction, but also should be strong resistance to environmental performance materials processing features. Less or bad sheath material cracking, water seepage through factory acceptance, but the quality is defective use for some time, using recycled plastics to replace quality polyethylene sheath material is more serious. High quality sheath material made of fibe optic cable, a cable skin smooth, bright, uniform thickness, no bubbles, otherwise the coarse skin of fiber optic cable, and a lot of very small pit, and because of the thin thickness, the entire outer diameter of the fiber optic cable will be muach smaller than the high quality cable. Indoor fiber optic cable, usually made of high quality flame retardant PVC, the appearance should be smooth, bright, good flexibility, easy to peel; and otherwise poor skin finish, easy and tight buffer fiber, aramid adhesion phenomenon.

3. Steel, aluminum. Steel, aluminum cable is mainly used to protect the fiber from mechanical side pressure, moisture and other effects, better cable typically use chrome-plated steel strip. Low quality fiber optic cable to only one side done ordinary iron rust treatment, or black (uncoated steel), instead of chrome-plated steel strip, over time, the cable will appear corroded, fiber optic hydrogen loss also aggravate andits easy separation do not constitute the sheath bonded sheath tide also very poor performance; of some places tinned strip instead of chrome-plated steel strip, tin-plated surface of the strip, the bubble is inevitable, so in humid, prone to corrosion under the conditions of the atmosphere and surface condensation or water, especially under acidic conditions, corrosion faster. The tin plating layer is poor in heat resistance, melting at 232 degrees Celsius, only the application of due to squeeze sheaths when the high temperature, such that the peel strength uncertainty affect the cable anti-surge performance. Chromium melting point of 1900 degrees Celsius, chemically very stable at room temperature in air or water will not rust, corrosion resistance, very good resistance to environmental performance, easily oxidized due to surface passivation layer is formed so good. Aluminum generally failed thermal paste method coated aluminum instead of cast qualified coated aluminum, which also affect cable performance.

4. Steel wire. The steel wire in the fiber optic cable mainly used to protect optical fiber from the mechanical tension. Good cable typically use for phosphating steel wire, high modulus short-term tension 1500N and 3000N. And low-quality fiber optic cable will be a very small diameter wire or ordinary steel instead of the one hand, easy to rust; On the other hand, is far less than the tensile strength 1500N construction may strain the fiber. High modulus phosphide stell wire is generally gray color, good toughness, not easy to bend; the alternative wire generally pinch in your hand can be bent a long time, the two rust fracture hanging cable box.

5. Loose tube. The installed fiber loose tube fiber optic cable is generally used polymer PBT material (poly (butylene terephthalate)), this loose tube, high strength, no deformation, anti-aging. Poor quality loose tube fiber optic cable is sometimes replaced with other materials, diameter thin, hand pinch flat, no different from drinking straw, can not afford the protective effect of the fiber.

6. Waterproof tape. Fiber optic cable with waterproof tape or water blocking yarn through the inside of the product showed a uniform distribution of high water-absorbing resin has strong water absorption, under the combined effect of the osmotic pressure, affinity, rubber elastic, super absorbent resin inhalation several times the weight of water. Further, the water-blocking powder once with water swollen gel will instantly, regardless to its much pressure is applied, moisture nor is extruded. Thus, with a water-absorbent resin containing water-blocking tape coated cable core, in case the outer wall of the fiber optic cable is damaged, the wound portion of the high water-absorbent resin to play due to expansion of the sealing effect, can prevent the entry of water to a minimum. Low-quality fiber optic cable commonly used non-woven fabric or paper tape, once the cable jacket is damaged, the consequences will be very serious.

7. Kevlar. Kevlar is a high-strength chemical fiber, most in the field of military-industrial complex, a bullet-proof vest is the producer of this material. It is a patented product of DuPont, is the major cost components of the indoor fiber optic cable, tight buffer fiber indoor cable is mainly used to protect against mechanical tension. Due to Kevlar high cost, poor quality of indoor fiber optic cable outer diameter is generally made ​​very thin, so you can by reducing the few shares aramid cost savings, or use an appearance similar to Kevlar polyester yarn instead (more common) polyester yarn almost can not bear what tension. So that the optical fiber laying easily strain or pull off.

8. Optical fiber. The fiber optic cable core raw materials, the good cable commonly used manufacturers of high quality core. Low-quality fiber optic cable is usually lower fiber and unsolicited fiber, these fibers due to the complex sources, quality is difficult to guarantee, sometimes multimode fiber often mixed with single-mode fiber, and the general lack of small factories necessary testing equipment, not fiberquality of judgment, more so the quality is difficult to be guaranteed. In addition, some bought with cheap short segment later cabled fiber splicing. The naked eye can not distinguish this fiber, the problems often encountered in the construction are: low transmission rate, short distance, fiber attenuation, not and pigtail docking, lack of flexibility, easily broken plate filament when even a single fiber a multi-mode, the other end is single-mode.

9. Coloring ink. Distinguish fiber in order to facilitate the construction of national standards be with bright color and high-quality fiber optic cable are standard in high quality ink colored fiber loose tube, the color is very clear and easy to fall off, while the low quality fiber optic cable is used poor qualityink coloring or simply coloring and inferior ink colors are vivid and sometimes easy to dissolve in the fiber paste the color can not be distinguished, not colored even more great inconvenience to the construction.

10. Product packaging. The fiber optic cable commonly used packaging wooden plate or the iron wooden tray into the shaft, the outside of the plate sealed wooden seal plate to ensure that the bulky fiber optic cable throughout the transit force, bending radius conditions within the scope of the standard requirements. Low-quality fiber optic cable in order to save costs, generally very poor packaging tray, transported to the destination is almost close to falling apart, and some simply do not have the disk, look around cable is shipped, or the disc do not have to seal the wood.

In summary, optical fiber cable real good or bad from the structural design, integrated the difference between the pros and cons of the timber material and production process. Because the cable is not yet a large number of popular, low-quality products, while a lot of hidden dangers, many users even integrators do not understand the line is still used regardless of settings.

It is for this reason that the negative impact of low-quality fiber optic cable industry will be even greater, because the fiber optic cable itself, its value is not significant, but the cost of laying process (direct burial, aerial, wearing a tube) were truly amazing.and time-consuming, coupled with its entire communication link based medium, so if there are problems, no matter how expensive your hardware devices at both ends of the high-end, the entire system will be, without exception, completely paralyzed, will be a very long period of repair, resulting in the loss of thousands of times the difference between the pros and cons.

If you want to know more about breakout fiber cable, hybrid cable or fiber optic cable cost, please visit our website.

Understand Variety of Fiber Optic Cables and Components Basic Knowledge

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1. FTTH fiber cable

FTTH (Fiber To The Home), by definition is an optical fiber directly to the home. Specifically, FTTH refers to the optical network unit (ONU) installed in the home user or business user, in addition to the optical access family FTTD (fiber to the desktop) closest to the users outside the optical access network application type.

There are five main advantages of FTTH:

. It is passive network, from the central office to the user, the intermediate can be done basically passive;

. Its bandwidth is relatively wide, long-distance carriers fits the way large-scale application;

. Because it is hosted on the fiber business, and there is no problem;

. Because of its relatively wide bandwidth, support for the agreement is more flexible;

. As technology advances, including point to point, 1.25G and FTTH way have developed a relatively complete function.

2. Indoor fiber cable

Indoor optical fiber cables are classified according to cable using the environment, as opposed to a outdoor fiber optic cable.

Indoor cable is made up of optical fiber (optical transmission medium) through a certain process and the formation of the cable. It is Mainly composed of optical fiber glass(glass as thin as a hair) and plastic protective sleeve and plastic sheath structure, fiber optic cable is not gold, silver, copper and aluminum and other metals usually no recovery value.

Indoor fiber optic cable is a certain amount of composition according to certain way cable heart, outsourcing jacket, and some also cover the outer sheath for optical signal transmission to achieve a communication line.

The tensile strength of the small indoor fiber optic cable, a protective layer is poor, but also more lightweight and economical. Indoor cable mainly used in building wiring, and connections
between network devices.

3. Outdoor fiber optic cable

Outdoor fiber optic cable, used for outdoor optical cable. As opposed to a indoor optical fiber cable.

Outdoor cable is one of the optical transmission line. Consists of a certain number of optical fiber according to certain way cable, outsourcing has a sheath, some still coated outer sheath.

Outdoor fiber optic cable consists of an optical fiber glass (glass as thin as a hair) and plastic to protect casing and plastic coating, fiber optic cable is no gold, silver, copper, aluminum and other metal, there is no recycling value.

Outdoor fiber optic cable tensile strength greater than the thick protective layer, and is usually sheathed (i.e metal leather wrapped). Outdoor cables is mainly applied to buildings, and between the interconnection between remote networks.

4. Fiber Optic Patch Cord

Fiber optic patch cord used to make the link from the device to the jumper cables fiber optic cabling. Fiber jumper has a thicker layer of protection, commonly used in the connection between the optical and terminal box. The commonly used fiber optic jumper include: ST, LC, FC, SC type.

Main categories:

Single-mode fiber jumper (Single-mode Fiber): Average single-mode fiber jumper with yellow connector and protective sleeve blue; transmission distance is longer.

Multimode fiber jumper (Multi-modeFiber): General multimode fiber jumper in orange, and some in gray, fittings and protection applied beige or black; transmission distance is shorter.

5. Optical Fiber Coupler

Fiber coupler also known as fiber adapter, fiber coupler for connecting fiber optic connectors, couplers. According to fiber optic connector head selection models. According to the connection head structure can be divided into: FC, SC, ST, LC, MTRJ, MPO, MU, SMA, DDI, DIN4, D4, E2000 various froms.

6. Optical fiber terminal box

Optical cable terminal box (also known as fiber optic terminal box or cable box) is a small core fiber optic cable to connect with the terminal equipment, mainly used for cable ends fixed, cable and fiber pigtail splice and I containment and protection.

7. Fiber Fusion Splicer

Two fiber optic cable connection, fiber optic cable should butt up inside the fiber because fiber is like glass, must be refused on the two dedicated connectors, connector card and then put together, so that the optical signal can be passed.

Light in the optical fiber transmission loss can be created, the loss is mainly consist of optical fiber transmission loss and loss of fiber of welding joint. Fiber cable once order, the basic purpose of optical fiber transmission loss but also determined that the loss of fiber of welding joint is related to fiber itself and site construction. Efforts to reduce the loss of fiber of welding joint, can increase the fiber optic repeater amplification and transmission distance attenuation of optical fiber link margin.

If you would like to purchase these items or want to know more about fibre optic cable specification, optical cable price or loose tube fiber optic cable, please visit our website.

Breakout Fiber Optic Cable

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Breakout fiber cable also called fanout cable, is an optical fiber cable containing several jacketed simplex optical fibers packaged together inside an outer jacket. They can be easily divided into individual fiber lines as each fiber is individually reinforced. This differs from distribution style cable, in which tight-buffered fibers are bundled together, with only the outer jacket of the cable protecting them. The design of breakout-style cable adds strength for ruggedized drops, however the cable is larger and more expensive than distribution-style cable. Breakout cable is suitable for short riser and plenum applications and also for use in conduits, where a very simple cable run is planned to avoid the use of any splice box or spliced fiber pigtails.

Because each fiber is individually reinforced, the breakout cable can be easily divided into individual fiber lines. Each simplex cable within the outer jacket may be broken out and then continue as a patch cable, for example in a fiber to the desk application in an office building. This enables connector termination without requiring special junctions, and can reduce or eliminate the need for fiberoptic patch panels or an optical distribution frame. Breakout cable requires terminations to be done with simple connectors, which may be preferred for some situations. A more common solution today is the use of a fanout kit that adds a jacket to the very fine strands of other cable types.

Breakout cables normally contain a ripcord, two non-conductive dielectric strengthening members (normally a glass rod epoxy), an aramid yarn, and 3 mm buffer tubing with an additional layer of Kevlar surrounding each fiber. The ripcord is a parallel cord of strong yarn that is situated under the jacket(s) of the cable for jacket removal.

A breakout fiber optic cable offers a rugged cable design for shorter network designs. This may include LANs, data communications, video systems, and process control environments.

A tight buffer design is used along with individual strength members for each fiber. This permits direct fiber optic cable termination without using breakout kits or splice panels. Due to the increased strength of Kevlar members, breakout fiber optic cables are heavier and larger than the telecom types with equal fiber counts.

The term breakout defines the key purpose of fiber optic breakout cable. That is, one can “break out” several fibers at any location, routing other fibers elsewhere. For this reason breakout cables are, or should be, coded for ease of identification.

Because fiber optic breakout cable is found in many building environments where codes may require plenum cables, most breakout cables meet the NEC’s requirements. The cable is available in a variety of designs that will accommodate the topology requirements found in rugged environments. Fiber counts from simplex to 256 are available.

If you would like to purchase our breakout fiber optic cable or want to learn about outdoor fiber optic cable or fibre optic cable specification, please visit our website.

Introducing Two Basic Cable Design

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There are two basic cable design, loose tube cable and tight buffered cable. Loose-tube cable, used in the majority of outside-plant installations in North America, and tight-buffered cable, primarily used inside buildings.

The modular design of loose-tube cables typically holds up to 12 fibers per buffer tube with a maximum per cable fiber count of more than 200 fibers. Loose-tube cables can be all-dielectric or optionally armored. The modular buffer-tube design permits easy drop-off of groups of fibers at intermediate points, without interfering with other protected buffer tubes being routed to other locations. The loose-tube design also helps in the identification and administration of fibers in the system.

Single-fiber tight-buffered cables are used ase pigtails, patch cords and jumpers to terminate loose-tube cables directly into opto-electronic transmitters, receivers and other active and passive components.

Multi-fiber tight-buffered cables also are available and are used primarily for alternative routing and handling flexibility and ease within buildings.

Loose Tube Cable

In a loose-tube cable design, color-coded plastic buffer tubes house and protect optical fibers. A gel filling compound impedes water penetration. Excess fiber length (relative to buffer tube length) insulates fibers from stresses of installation and environmental loading. Buffer tubes are stranded around a dielectric or steel central member, which serves as an anti-buckling element.

The cable core, typically surrounded by aramid yarn, is the primary tensile strength member. The outer polyethylene jacket is extruded over the core. If armoring is required, a corrugated steel tape is formed around a single jacketed cable with an additional jacket extruded over the armor.

Loose-tube cables typically are used for outside-plant installation in aerial, duct and direct-buried applications.

Tight-Buffered Cable

With tight-buffered cable designs, the buffering material is in direct contat with the fiber. This design is suited for “jumper cables” which connect outside plant cables to terminal equipment, and also for linking various devices in a premises network.

Multi-fiber, tight-buffered cables often are used for intra-building, risers, general building and plenum applications.

The tight-buffered design provides a rugged cable structure to protect individual fibers during handling, routing and connectorization. Yarn strength members keep the tensile load away from the fiber.

As with loose-tube cables, optical specifications for tight-buffered cables also should include the maximum performance of all fibers over the operating temperature range and life of the cable. Averages should not be acceptable.

If you’d like to purchase or learn more about our loose tube cable, breakout fiber cable or hybrid cable, simply visit our offical website or call our customer service.

The Different Types of Optical Fiber Cable?

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There are many types of fiber optic cable used to supply data to mobile phones, computers and TVs, each handling light in a different way, and each made for a different application. There are two main types of optical fiber cable, multimode and single mode, which use either several beams of light or a single beam at once. Simplex cables use only one or two optical fibers and Kevlar protection. Tightpack cables contain many optical fibers, but the fibers are not individually terminated. Loose tube cables include a water blocking gel and are used outdoor or are buried underground.

Multimode and single mode are the two main types of optical fiber cable, though the terms do not refer so much to the cable design as to how the fibers interact with light. The multimode version sends out many different light beams at once, and each is sent at a different angle so the beams cannot interact with each other, eliminating the chance of interference. These types of optical fiber cable can only be used for short distances; otherwise, the light beams begin to interfere with on another. Single mode optical fibers send only one beam of light at a time, making them ideal for long distances, because there are not multiple light beams to cause interference.

While a multi-mode optical fiber is cheaper than a single-mode fiber, it is only effective at supplying power to short distances, around 1,968 feet (600 meters). This is because of the different light rays working at once. If the cable is used for longer distances, the light rays begin either to conflict or disperse, meaning that power is inefficiently transferred or will not reach the target destination.

Simplex cables are simplx fiber optic cables that are used for backplanes and patch cord purposes. The outside is reinforced with Kevlar to keep the optical fibers from wearing down as a result of outside stress. Inside, there are only one or two fibers, which make it good for applications for which limited energy is needed.

Tightpack cables are similar to simplex but include many more fibers. The fibers are paired up and jacketed, as with the simplex cables, but there are many pairs, not just one. A major difference, aside from fiber number, is that the fibers are not individually terminated or protected, so there must be a termination unit connected to these types of optical fiber cable. These cables are used mostly for dry conduit runs over short distances.

Loose-tube cable does not use protection or jacketing for their internal fibers, but have another way of keeping the fibers safe. The insulation is filled with a water-blocking gel that is able to keep water from leaking into the cable and also keeps the fibers safe by adding durability to the inside of the cable. These cables are often used outdoor, either in the air or buried underground.

FiberStore is a fiber network solution website, want to know more about outdoor cable, fiber optic cable specification please visit our website.

What is Outdoor Fiber Optic Cable

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Outdoor fiber optic cable, simply used for outdoor fiber optic cable, belong to a kind of optical fiber cable, for the most suitable to use in outdoor so called outdoor fiber optic cable, it is durable, can withstand the freezing of weathering, the outer packing, which have some such as pressure, corrosion resistance, tensile mechanical properties, environmental characteristics.

Outdoor cable tensile strength is larger, protective layer is thick, and usually for armored (i.e. metal leather wrapped). Outdoor cables is mainly applied to buildings, and between the interconnection between remote networks.

Generally speaking, outdoor cable just filler, reinforcing member, jacket and so on use of different materials. Such as: outdoor fiber optic cable buried, should use armored cable. Aerial, with two or more optional root reinforcement of black plastic optical fiber cable outer sheath.

Outdoor cable because of its use of the environment is outdoors, it must have a waterproof function, generally used by the outer sheath is made of PE material, and its internal structure is generally divided into the central tube structure and layer twisted structure.

Outdoor fiber optic cable is a complete optical signal transmission lines of communication. By a number of fiber optic cable core composition in accordance with a certain way, outsourcing jacket, and some also cover the outer sheath.
Outdoor fiber optic cable consists of an optical fiber (glass as thin as a hair) and plastic casing and plastic sheath constituted maintenance, fiber optic cable is not gold, silver, copper and aluminum and other metals.

Outdoor optical cable laying

Communication cable since 70s application, has now developed into a long haul, local telephone relay, underwater and undersea communications and local area networks, private networks and other cable transmission backbone, and has begun to develop the access network to the user by the fiber to curb (FTTC), fiber to the building (FTTB) and so on to the fiber to the home (FTTH) development. For a variety of applications and environmental conditions, communications cable with aerial, buried fiber optic cable, pipelines, underwater, indoor installation, etc.

Aerial optical cable

Aerial cable is hung on pole using optical fiber cable. This way of laying can take advantage of the existing aerial light road, save construction costs and shorten the construction period. Aerial cables hanging in the pole, must adapt to a variety of natural environments. Aerial cables susceptible to typhoons, ice, floods and other natural disasters, the threat also vulnerable to outside influence and weaken their mechanical strength and other effects, so the failure rate is higher than the aerial cable and pipeline buried fiber optic cable. Generally used for long-distance two or level 2 of the line, cable lines for private networks or some local special location.

Direct Burial Fiber Cable

The cable outside a strip or wire armored, direct burial in the ground, requiring performance against external mechanical damage and prevent soil erosion performance. According to the different use of the environment and conditions for use of different sheath structure, for example, there are areas of Pest Insects and Rodents, to use a pest control rat gnawing of the cable sheath. According to the soil and the environment, the depth of buried fiber optic cable is generally between 0.8m to 1.2m. In laying, you must also pay attention to maintaining fiber strain within the limits allowed.

Duct Optical Cable

Pipe laying is usually in urban areas, pipe laying environment better, so the cable sheath are no special requirements, no armor.

Pipe laying laying before the next election and the length of the segment connecting point. Laying beside cited can use mechanical or manual traction. Do not exceed a towing cable to allow traction tension. Pipe materials can be produced based on the geographical choice of concrete, asbestos cement, steel, plastic tubes.

Underwater Fiber Optic Cable

Underwater fiber optic cable through the radiation in the bottom of rivers, lakes and the riverbank, etc. The fiber optic cable, fiber optic cable laying environment than this pipe laying, burying the condition much worse. Underwater fiber optic cable must be used wire or steel armored structure, retaining layer structure according to the hydrogeological conditions of rivers into account. For example, in stony soil, erosion and strong seasonal riverbed, cable suffer from wear and tear, Rally situation, do not only need thick steel wire armored, to use its double-armored construction methods should be based on river width, water depth, flow rate, etc. for the selected drawing riverbed. Laying underwater fiber optic cable buried fiber optic cable severe conditions than many, techniques and measures to repair the failure is also much more difficult, so the reliability requirements of underwater fiber optic cable buried fiber optic cable than high.

Submarine cable is underwater cable, but the laying of underwater cables environmental conditions more severe than normal, demanding the submarine cable system and its original life requirements in more than 25 years.

The Commonly Available Optical Fiber Cable Types

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As uses for optical fiber have become more varied, manufacturers have begun producing, cables to meet specific needs. Cable configurations vary based on the type of use, the location, and future expansion needs, and it is likely that more will be created as future applications emerge.

Bear in mind that different cable arrangements are variations on a theme. Different combinations of buffer type, strength members, and jackets can be used to create cables to meet the needs of a wide variety of industries and users.

Let’s look at some of the commonly available optical fiber cables.

Breakout Cable

Breakout cables are used to carry optical fibers that will have direct termination to the equipment, rather than being connected to a patch panel. Breakout fiber cable consist of two or more simplex cables bundled with a strength member and central member covered with an outer jacket. These cables are ideal for routing in exposed trays or any application requiring an extra rugged cable that can be directly connected to the equipment.

Distribution cable

When it is necessary to run a large number of optical fibers through a building, distribution cable is often used. Distribution cable consists of multiple tight-buffered fibers bundled in a jacket with a strength member. These cables may also feature a dielectric central member to increase tensile strength, resist bending, and prevent the cable from being kinked during installation.

Distribution cables are ideal for inter-building routing. Depending on the jacket type they may be routed through plenum areas or riser shafts to telecommunications rooms, wiring closets, and workstations. The tight-buffered optical fibers are not meant to be handled muchbeyond the initial installation, because they do not have a strength member and jacket. Distribution cables may carry up to 144 individual tight-buffered optical fibers, many of which may not be used immediately but allow for future expansion.

Ribbon Cable

Ribbon cable is a convenient solution for space and weight problems. The cable contains fiber ribbons, which are actually coated optical fibers placed side by side, encapsulated in Mylar tape similar to a miniature version of wire ribbons used in computer wiring. A single ribbon may contain 4, 8, or 12 optical fibers. These ribbons can be stacked up to 22 high.

Because the ribbon contains only coated optical fibers, this type of cable takes up much less space than individually buffered optical fibers. As a result, ribbon cables are denser than anyother cable design. They are ideal for applications where limited space is available, such as in an existing conduit that has very little room left for an additional cable.

Ribbon cables come in two basic arrangements. In the loose tube ribbon cable, fiber ribbons are stacked on top of one another inside a loose-buffered tube. This type of arrangement can hold several hundred fibers in close quarters. The buffer, strength members,and cable jacket carry any strain while the fiber ribbons move freely inside the buffer tube.

The jacketed ribbon cable looks like a regular tight-buffered cable, but it is elongated to contain a fiber ribbon. This type of cable typically features a small amount of strength member and aripcord to tear through the jacket.

While ribbon fiber provides definite size and weight savings, it does require special equipment and training to take advantage of those benefits. Connectors, strippers, cleavers, and fusion splicers must all be tailored to the ribbon fiber. For these reasons, ribbon fiber may not be the best solution in all situations.

Armored Cable

Armored cable can be used for indoor applications and outdoor applications. An armored cable typically has two jackets. The inner jacket is surrounded by the armor and the outer jacket or sheath surrounds the armor.

An armored cable used for outdoor applications is typically a loose tube fiber construction designed for direct burial applications. The armor is typically a corrugated steel tape surrounded by an outer polyethylene jacket. This combination of outer jacket and armor protects the optical fibers from gnawing animals and the damage that can occur during direct burial installations.

Armored cable used for indoor applications may feature tight-buffered or loose-buffered optical fibers, strength members, and an inner jacket. The inner jacket is typically surrounded by a spirally wrapped interlocking metal tape armor. This type of armor is rugged and provides crush resistance. These cables are used in heavy traffic areas and installations that require extra protection, including protection from rodents.

Hybrid Cable

Hybrid cable, as applied to fiber optics, combines multimode and single-mode optical fibers in one cable. Hybrid cable should not be confused with composite cable, although the terms have been used interchangeably in the past.

Composite Cable

Composite Cable, as defined by the National Electrical Code (NEC), is designed to carry both optical fiber and current carrying electrical conductors in the same run. This composite cable consists of optical fibers along with twisted-pair wiring typical of telephone wiring. This arrangement is convenient for networks that carry fiber optic data and conventional telephone wiring to the same user. Composite cable also provides installers with a way to communicate during fiber installation and provides electrical power to remote equipment, such as repeaters, along the fiber’s route.

Simplex Cordage

Simplex cordage, consists of a single optical fiber with a tight buffer, an aramid yarn strength member, and a jacket. Simplex cordage gets its name from the fact that, because it is a single fiber, it is typicalyy used for one-way, or simplex, transmission, although bidirectional communications are possible using a single fiber.

Duplex Cordage

Duplex cordage, also known as zipcord, is similar in appearance to household electrical cords. Duplex cordage is a convenient way to combine two simplex cords to achieve duplex, or two-way, transmissions without individual cords getting tangled or switched around accidentally.

What is Loose Tube Fiber Optic Cable

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Loose tube cable: small, thin plastic tubes containing as many as a dozen 250 micron buffered fibers used to protect fibers in cables rated for outside plant use. They allow the fibers to be isolated from high pulling tension and can be filled with water-blocking materials to prevent moisture entry.

Loose tube cables are the most widely used cables for outside plant trunks because it offers the best protection for the fibers under high pulling tensions and can be easily protected from moisture with water-blocking gel or tapes.These cables are composed of several fibers together inside a small plastic tube, which are in turn wound around a central strength member, surrounded by aramid strength members and jacketed, providing a small, high fiber count cable. This type of cable is ideal for outside plant trunking applications, as it can be made with the loose tubes filled with gel or water absorbent powder to prevent harm to the fibers from water. It can be used in conduits, strung overhead or buried directly into the ground. Some outdoor cables may have double jackets with a metallic armor between them to protect from chewing by rodents or kevlar for strength to allow pulling by the jackets. Since the fibers have only a thin buffer coating, they must be carefully handled and protected to prevent damage. Loose tube cables with singlemode fibers are generally terminated by spicing pigtails onto the fibers and protecting them in a splice closure. Multimode loose tube cables can be terminated directly by installing a breakout kit, also called a furcation or fan-out kit, which sleeves each fiber for protection.

Loose tube materials for loose tube cables need to possess a relatively high modulus and good processability. During manufacture, optical fiber is fed into the loose tube at a faster rate than it is being produced so that the optical fiber is laid helically within the tube.

To buffer the fibers from each other and from any perturbations on the tube walls, the loose tube is filled with a gel compound similar in composition to the water blocking gels in conventional telecommunication cables. The loose tube material must therefore be compatible with the gel as in conventional cable insulation.

Structure of a Loose Tube Fiber Optic Cable

Elements in a loose tube fiber optic cable:

1. Multiple 250um coated bare fibers (in loose tube)
2. One or more loose tubes holding 250um bare fibers. Loose tubes strand around the central strength member.
3. Moisture blocking gel in each loose tube for water blocking and protection of 250um fibers
4. Central strength member (in the center of the cable and is stranded around by loose tubes)
5. Aramid Yarn as strength member
6. Ripcord (for easy removal of outer jacket)
7. Outer jacket (Polyethylene is most common for outdoor cables because of its moisture resistant, abrasion resistant and stable over wide temperature range characteristics.)

Futures

. Good mechanical and temperature performance
. High strength loose tube that is hydrolysis resistant
. Special tube filling compound ensure a critical protection of fiber
. Two parallel steel wires ensure tensile strength
. PE sheath protects cable from ultraviolet radiation
. Small diameter, light weight and friendly installation
. Long delivery length

More information about fiber optic cable cost, fibre optic cable specification please visit our website.

Why Fiber Optic Cable More Popular Than Copper Cable?

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Today fibre optic cables are used the world over for communications. The improvement in communication is brought by the development in fiber optic cables. Why fiber optic cable more popular than copper cable?

Fiber optic cable is a kind of cable which has more than one fiber optic. These kinds of cables are widely used and are also considered as one of the best options for a lot of people. There are a lot of advantages that one can be able to get when using this type of cable.

One of the advantages is that these cables are lighter, flexible and less bulky as compared to other kind of cables. They are widely used in urban areas where there is a shortage of space such as sewer lines, subways and power lines as well. Since this cable is lighter, it can easily fit in small and crowded placed. Optical cables are also easy to transport in various installation location. There is no doubt that flexibility is an advantage since it can be easily fitted in every corner.

Moreover, fiber optic cable cost is low. You can be able to save a lot on your budget when you replace your old copper wirings with optical fiber cable. As compared to copper wires, it also has a higher carrying capacity. This means that you will be able to have transmissions of many signals at a time without experiencing a lot of intrusion.

There are four advantages of fiber optic cabling, these advantages explain why fiber is becoming the preferred network cabling medium for high bandwidth, long-distance applications:

1. Immunity to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

All copper cable network media sharing a common problem: they are susceptible to electromagnetic interference (EMI), fiber optic cabling is immune to crosstalk because optical fiber does not conduct electricity and uses light signals in a glass fiber, rather than electrical signals along a metallic conductor to transmit data. So it cannot produce a magnetic field and thus is immune to EMI.

2. Higher Possible Data Rates

Because light is immune to interference, can be modulated at very high frequencies, and travels almost instantaneously to its destination, much higher data rates are possible with fiber optic
cabling technologies than with traditional copper systems. Data rates far exceeding the gigabit per second (Gbps) range and higher are possible, and the latest IEEE standards body is working on 100Gbps fiber based applications over much longer distances than copper cabling. Multimode is preferred fiber optic type for 100-550 meters seen in LAN network, and since single mode fiber optic cables are capable of transmitting at these multi-gigabit data rates over very long distances, they are the preferred media for transcontinental and oceanic applications.

3. Longer Maximum Distances

Typical copper media data transmission by the distance limits the maximum length of less than 100 meters. Because they do not suffer from the electromagnetic interference problems of traditional copper cabling and because they do not use electrical signals that can dramatically reduce the long distance, single-mode fiber optic cables can span 75 kilometers (about 46.6 miles) without using signal-boosting repeaters.

4. Better Security

The Copper cable transmission media is susceptible to eavesdropping through taps. A tap (short for wiretap) is a device that punctures through the outer jacket of a copper cable and touches the inner conductor. The tap intercepts signals sent on a LAN and sends them to another (unwanted) location. Electromagnetic (EM) taps are similar devices, but rather than puncturing the cable,they use the cable’s magnetic fields, which are similar to the pattern of electrical signals. Because fiber optic cabling uses light instead of electrical signals, it is immune to most types of eavesdropping. Traditional taps won’t work because any intrusion on the cable will cause the light to be blocked and the connection simply won’t function. EM taps won’t work because no magnetic field is generated. Because of its immunity to traditional eavesdropping tactics, fiber optic cabling is used in networks that must remain secure, such as government and research networks.

If you are looking for high quality communication solution, FiberStore’s fiber optic cable is the best choice. FiberStore provides a wide range of quality optical fiber cables, such as indoor
outdoor cable, loose tube cable, breakout cable fiber, Hybrid cable and so on. Our fiber optic cable specification is very detail and very convenient for you selecting. The optical cable price on the website is per meter price. The more, the cheaper. Customers can also have the flexibility to custom the cable plant to best fit their needs. Only fiber cable that meets or exceeds industry standards is used to ensure quality products with best-in-class performance.